Uranium dioxide UO2 is a widely studied material due to its use as fuel in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) and Raman spectroscopy is a technique of choice to characterize the evolution of its microstructure. UO2 crystallizes in a fluorite CaF2 (space group Fm-3m) structure that gives rise to a unique Raman signature, the T2g band. However, several other bands are often detected whose attribution remains unclear. The present study gives new insights on the Raman spectrum of UO2 thanks to the combination of isotopic labelling with 18 O and Raman imaging. In addition to the expected T2g, U2 (LO), 2LO and U3 bands, we have detected a doublet at 885 and 925 cm -1 , a U* band at 555 cm -1 in some specific areas and 2 bands located at 367 and 1196 cm -1 . All Raman bands shift under the effect of the replacement of 16 O by 18 O, excepting for the U* band that could not be detected anymore. The isotopic shift ratio could be determined for 20% and 30% 18 O labelling. No discrepancy in band position is observed between grains and grain boundaries, except for the U2(LO) band. We also evidence a difference between the U defect bands and the 885 and 925 cm -1 doublet bands evolution under labelling, although the latter also seems to be connected to the presence of defects in the material.